26771: Working in banks in
an Islamic country
Is it permissible to work
in the banks that exist in Islamic countries that deal with riba?
My husband works in one of the banks that deal with riba, and he works as a
systems operator on programs that have to do with technological and information
management. His main job is to ensure that all the computer systems are working
correctly, and installing new systems, and assisting the bank employees.
I know that interest is haraam, and that it is a major sin, but I have heard
many opinions about working in banks, one of which I have heard is that “if
your work is not directly involved with interest, and the bank has other
sources of income apart from interest, then it is permissible to work in the
bank.
This is the only source of income that we have been living on up till now. I
hope that you can tell us whether the income we have gotten from this job is
haraam or not.
Praise be to Allaah.
We ask Allaah to reward you with good for your keenness and efforts to
find out the truth, and to help your husband to find permissible employment in
which there is no sin.
Note that it is not permissible to work in riba-based banks at all,
because that involves consuming riba, or writing it down, or witnessing it, or
helping those who do that.
The major scholars have issued fatwas stating that working in riba-based
banks is haraam, even if the job does not involve dealing with riba as such,
e.g. guards, cleaners and other services. We will quote to you some of their
fatwas, whilst also pointing out that your husband’s work is strongly connected
to riba and to recording and documenting it, because as you say, his main job
is to ensure that all the computer systems are working correctly, and
installing new systems, and assisting the bank employees.
It says in Fataawa al-Lajnah al-Daa’imah, 15/41:
It is not permissible for a Muslim to work in a bank that deals with
riba, even if the work that the Muslim does has nothing to do with riba,
because he is giving the employees who do work with riba with what they need
and he is helping them with their calculation of interest. Allaah says
(interpretation of the meaning):
“but do not help one another in sin and transgression”
[al-Maa’idah 5:2]
The Standing Committee (15/38) was asked: what is the ruling on working
in the existing banks?
They replied:
Most of the transactions that are done nowadays involve riba, which is
haraam according to the Qur’aan and Sunnah and the consensus of the ummah. The
Prophet (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) ruled that whoever helps
the one who consumes riba or pays it by writing it down for him or bearing
witness to it, etc, is a partner of the one who consumes it and the one who
pays it, and they are all cursed and expelled from the mercy of Allaah. In Saheeh
Muslim and elsewhere it is narrated that Jaabir (may Allaah be pleased
with him) said: The Messenger of Allaah (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon
him) cursed the one who consumes riba, the one who pays it, the one who writes
it down and the two who witness it, and he said, “They are all the same.”
Those who work in banks are helping the owners of the banks by
administering their operations, whether in writing or bearing witness, or
transferring papers or handing over money, or doing other things that help
those who deal in riba. Hence it is known that working in an existing bank is
haraam. The Muslim should avoid that and should try to earn a living in a way
that Allaah has permitted; and there are many such ways. He should fear Allaah
his Lord, and not expose himself to the curse of Allaah and His Messenger.
And the Standing Committee (15/55) was asked:
(a) Is working in banks, especially in Muslim countries,
halaal or haraam?
(b) Is there any specific section of the bank that is halaal, as
many think, and if that is correct could you explain further?
They replied:
Firstly: working in banks that deal with riba is haraam, whether that is
in a Muslim country or a kaafir country, because it involves cooperating in sin
and transgression, which Allaah has forbidden as He says (interpretation of the
meaning):
“but do not help one another in sin and transgression”
[al-Maa’idah 5:2]
Secondly: There is no section in the riba-based bank that is exempt from
this ruling according to what we know of the pure sharee’ah, because all the
bank employees are cooperating in sin and transgression.
And the Standing Committee (15/18) was asked:
What is the ruling on working as a maintenance engineer for one of the
electronics companies that deal with some of the riba-based banks, where the
company sells equipment (calculators, cameras, telephones) to the bank, and
tells us, as maintenance engineers, to go to the bank to service this equipment
on a regular basis? Is this work haraam on the basis that the bank does
its accounts and organizes its work on these machines, and are we thus helping
them in sin?
They replied:
It is not permissible for you to work for companies that are as you
described, because that involves cooperating in sin and transgression.
And it says in Fataawa al-Lajnah al-Daa’imah (15/48):
It is not permissible for a Muslim to work in banks that deal with riba,
because that involves helping them to engage in riba-based transactions in one
way or another, by writing them down, witnessing them, guarding the bank, etc.
Helping them in that manner is cooperating in sin and transgression, which
Allaah forbade when He said (interpretation of the meaning):
“but do not help one another in sin and transgression”
[al-Maa’idah 5:2]
Shaykh Ibn ‘Uthaymeen (may Allaah have mercy on him) was asked: is it
permissible to work for a riba-based organization as a driver or guard?
He replied:
It is not permissible to work for a riba-based organization even if you
are a driver or a guard, because accepting employment with a riba-based
organization implies that you approve of them, as whoever denounces something
could not work to serve its interests. If he works to serve its interests, he
must approve of it, and the one who approves of something haraam has a share in
its sin. With regard to those who are directly involved in writing down transactions,
transferring money, depositing money, etc, are undoubtedly dealing directly
with something that is haraam. It was proven from the hadeeth of Jabir (may
Allaah be pleased with him) that the Messenger of Allaah (peace and blessings
of Allaah be upon him) cursed the one who consumes riba, the one who pays it,
the one who writes it down and the two who witness it, and he said, “They are
all the same.”
From Fataawa Islamiyyah, 2/401
And there are other well-known fatwas which forbid working in riba-based
banks, no matter what the kind of work involved. Based on this, your husband
has to repent to Allaah from what he has done in the past, and leave this work,
seeking the help of Allaah, putting his trust in Him and being certain that He
will grant him provision. Allaah says (interpretation of the meaning):
“And whosoever fears Allaah and keeps his duty to Him, He will
make a way for him to get out (from every difficulty).
And He will provide him from (sources) he never could imagine. And
whosoever puts his trust in Allaah, then He will suffice him. Verily, Allaah
will accomplish his purpose. Indeed Allaah has set a measure for all things”
[al-Talaaq 65:2-3]
We ask Allaah to make us independent by means of that which is halaal so
that we will have no need of that which is haraam.
